Comparison of cropland emissions, carbon sequestration, and ecosystem services produced in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and corn (Zea mays L.) fields in an integrated crop-livestock dairy systems
With this project we are comparing carbon dynamics and soil quality differences of different aged alfalfa and corn stands to understand how these two systems affect the ecological sustainability of dairy systems. There is increasing concern among farm groups and the general public about extreme weather events and warming trends associated with climate change. In light of serious economic instability in the dairy sector, carbon-neutral farming and access to carbon markets may emerge as important farm income streams. Alfalfa, like other perennials, may serve as carbon sinks, qualifying producers for credits in a carbon marketplace. Evaluating the carbon storage potential of alfalfa and other crops in the dairy rotation is an area in urgent need of research and development.
Which crop offers the greatest services for dairy farmers and what are their tradeoffs?
Alfalfa
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), also called lucerne is a perennial legume species in the family Fabaceae. The crop is fed to the dairy cattle in form of silage. Because it is perennial, it has an extensive root system, which could help protect the soil. However, because alfalfa is cut 3-4 times a year, crop fields are often subject to heavy soil compaction.
Corn
Corn (Zea mays), also called Maize, is an annual cereal grain crop in the family Poaceae, often fed to dairy cattle in form of silage and grain.
Pasture
Pastures in Wisconsin consist of a combination of different species, including warm and cold season grasses, as well as legumes like alfalfa, or red clover (Trifolium pratense).
This project is funded by the National Alfalfa and Forage Alliance
Main PI is Dr. Alison Duff